열이 높을 경우에는 우선 체온계를 혀밑에 넣어서열을 재어 보며, 소아인 경우에는 겨드랑이에 넣어서 재어 본다.
체온은 일정한 간격으로 하루에 세번 내지 네번 재어보고 충분히 휴식을 하고 보리차물 등을 먹어서 수분섭취를 충분히 해주어야 한다. 해열제는 서둘러서 먹이지 않으며, 특히 위궤양이 있는 사람에게서는 조심한다.
소아인 경우에 열이 갑자기 올라가면서 경련 등을 할 수가 있으므로 열이 높을때는 옷을 벗기고 알코올 또는 미지근한 물 등으로 마사지를 하고 심할때는 해열제를 먹여 본다.
그러나 심하게 떨릴때는 일시적으로 이불이나 옷으로 몸을 덮어준다.
그러나 해열제를 먹고난 뒤에도 열이 높을경우, 토하거나 설사를 할 경우, 경련이 있으며 목이 뻣뻣할 경우, 목젖이 심하게 붓거나 아플 경우, 피부에 발진이 생길 경우, 기침이 심하게 계속되며 노란색 가래가 나올 경우에는 빨리 병원에 가야 한다.
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